Current Updates on Cancer-Causing Types of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in East, Southeast, and South Asia
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AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection remains one of the most prominent cancer-causing DNA viruses, contributing to approximately 5% of human cancers. While association between HPV and cervical cancers has been well-established, evidence on the attribution of head and neck cancers (HNC) to HPV have been increasing in recent years. Among the cancer-causing HPV genotypes, HPV16 and 18 remain the major contributors to cancers across the globe. Nonetheless, the distribution of HPV genotypes in ethnically, geographically, and socio-economically diverse East, Southeast, and South Asia may differ from other parts of the world. In this review, we garner and provide updated insight into various aspects of HPV reported in recent years (2015-2021) in these regions. We included: (i) the HPV genotypes detected in normal cancers of the uterine cervix and head and neck, as well as the distribution of the HPV genotypes by geography and age groups; (ii) the laboratory diagnostic methods and treatment regimens used within these regions; and (iii) the oncogenic properties of HPV prototypes and their variants contributing to carcinogenesis. More importantly, we also unveil the similarities and discrepancies between these aspects, the areas lacking study, and the challenges faced in HPV studies.
Acceptance Date26/04/2021
All Author(s) ListChichao Xia, Sile Li,Teng Long, Zigui Chen, Paul K. S. Chan, Siaw Shi Boon
Journal nameCancers
Year2021
Month5
Day30
Volume Number13
Issue Number11
PublisherMDPI
Article number2691
ISSN2072-6694
LanguagesEnglish-United Kingdom
KeywordsHPV; cervical cancer; head and neck cancer; E6; E7; diagnosis; HPV vaccine; pap smear; p16; p53